Health Condition Inquiry, Internal Medicine, Blood test, and Urine test

1.  Blood test and Urine test
Nurse:  You need blood and urine test.
            I'd like to run the blood test first.
            Please roll up your left sleeve.
            Make a tight fist, please.  I'm going to draw(뽑다) some blood.
          Relax.
Patient:  Will it hurt?
Nurse:  Not really.
            OK.  Press your arm until the bleeding stops.
Patient:  Do you have a band-aid?
Nurse:  We are sorry, we don't have any.
            It will be fine in 5 minutes.
            Please, take this cup for your urine sample and bring it back to this table.


2.  Dialogue
For the X-ray test
Nurse:  Please take off your shirt and stand in front of the machine.
            Take a deep breath and hold it.  I am taking an X-ray.

3.  You have a chest condition.
Doctor:  Ms. Lee, how do you feel?
Patient:  I have been having chest pains.
Doctor:  Have you ever had any chest pain before?
Patient:  No, this is the first time.
Doctor:  Is there any history of heart disease in your family?
Patient:  Yes.  My father and my uncle died from heart attack.
Doctor:  When did the pain start?
Patient:  Just this morning.
Doctor:  We would like to run some tests such as blood test, chest x-ray, ECG,
          and MRI.
              While we wait for the results, I'll treat you for the chest pain.
Patient:  Thank you doctor.


4.  You are suffering from a stomachache.
Doctor:  Ms. Lee, what's troubling you?
Patient:  I have severe pain in the upper abdomen.  I  feel my stomach is burning and
             I haven't eaten much today and I already feel full.
Doctor:  I believe you have an indigestion.
             I'll prescribe you an antacid(제산정) to make you feel better.
Patient:  Thank you, doctor.


5.  You are suffering from allergy.
Doctor:  Ms. Lee, what's the matter?
Patient:   I have a stuffy and runny nose, watery eyes, I can't stop sneezing, and my eyes are itchy.
Doctor:  You have symptoms of allergies.  I'll prescribe you some allergy medicine.
              You'll feel better soon.
Patient:  Thank you, doctor.
         

6.  You don't feel well.  You had trouble sleeping last night.

Doctor:  Ms. Lee, what's the matter?

Patient:  I'm suffering from minor flu and I feel very tired but I can't fall a sleep.

             I had trouble sleeping even last night.

Doctor:  I'll give you some flu medicine that will also help you to rest and sleep.

Statements of Offering Help
How can you ask help if you have problems and how would you respond as a nurse?
1.  You  need to see a doctor because you sprained your ankle.

2.  You need to see a doctor right away because you have a pounding headache and it hurts very much.

3.  You are requesting for an ice pack because you are running a fever.

4.  You need help to sit up from the bed.

5.  You need some water because you are thirsty.

6.  You've been waiting for your doctor and you feel you need to see him right away.
     He is treating his other patients at the moment.

7.  You are an inpatient and you need to use the bathroom.


1.  I need to see a doctor because I sprained my ankle.

2.  I have a severe pounding headache.
   It's very painful so I need to see a doctor right away.

3.  I'm running a fever.  Could you please bring me an ice pack?

     Nurse:  Give me one minute please.

4.  Can you help me sit up from the bed?

     Nurse:  Please hold onto my neck.  I'll help you sit up.

5.  I'm thirsty.  Can you bring me some water?

     Nurse:  Sure.  I will bring you water right away.

6.  I need to see the doctor right away.  I can't wait any longer.

     Nurse:  How are you feeling?  

     Patient:  I have an excruciating pain in my stomach.  

     Nurse:  He will be here soon.

7.  Can you take me to the bathroom?

     Nurse:  Let me help you.


Internal Medicine(내과)
Vocabulary
throw up, vomit - 토하다
lightheaded - 몽롱한, 멍한
dizzy - 어지러운
diarrhea - 설사
spoiled - (음식이) 상한, 변질된
food poisoning - 식중독

Expressions
1.  the night before last.
2.  It's not getting any better.
3.  It's nothing to worry about.
4.  I'd like to run some tests.

1.  Is it serious?
     It's nothing to worry about.

2.  How is your ulcer(궤양)?
     It's not getting any better.

3.  You are going in to the doctor's office again?
     The doctor said he'd like to run some tests.



Dialogues
1.  You have diarrhea and you've been throwing up.
      Nurse checks your temperature.

2.  Doctor looks at the patient chart for the same patient.
You have other symptoms such as light headedness, and sometimes a bit dizzy.



Dialogue A
(Ellen is in the doctor's office.)
Nurse:  Hello.  I'm Nurse Chang.  What seems to be the problem?
Ellen:  I've got diarrhea and I've been throwing up.
Nurse:  When did it start?
Ellen:  The night before last.
Nurse:  Have you been taking anything for it?
Ellen:  Yes, an over-the counter medicine, but it's not getting any better.
Nurse:  Let me take your temperature.
            36 degrees.  Normal.
            The doctor will see you now.


Dialogue B
(Doctor looks at the patient chart.)
Doctor:  Hello.  You have diarrhea and have been vomiting.
              Body temperature is normal.
Ellen:  Yes.
Doctor:  Do you have any pains?  Any muscular soreness?
Ellen:  No, I don't.
Doctor:  Other symptoms?
Ellen:  I feel light headed, sometimes even a bit dizzy.
Doctor:  Well, it's probably you have some kind of flu, but it could be mild food poisoning.
              Have you eaten anything that tasted unusual lately?
Ellen:  Well, not really.  I don't think anything I ate was spoiled.
Doctor:  I'm sure it's nothing to worry about, but I'd like to run some tests to make sure
             it's not something more serious.

3. Hospital Admission

Scrub up
Work in pairs.  These patients have arrived in hospital and are waiting in reception.  Discuss why you think each one is there.

1.  I was at a party, and one of my friends gave  me a little white tablet.  I'd had a few drinks and I was feeling good, and I took it, even though I didn't know what it was.  It made me feel, like, really weird.  I could see and hear really strange things, and it scared me.  I still don't feel normal today, and I'm very worried.

2.  It's not due until next month, but when I was washing up this morning there was a little blood.
     It worried me.  Then I got these pains.

3.  I was working high up on a ladder.  My foot slipped and I fell.  I hit my head but there's no blood and I don't feel too bad.

4.  I was walking by the river, and I think I stepped on it and it bit me.  I don't know what type it was but it was long and silver with a black head.

5.  I was looking in the mirror and I saw this big spot on my face.  I checked it on the Internet
     and I'm sure I've got cancer.  Do you think I'm going to die?

1.  나는 파티 중이었는데, 내 친구 중 한 명 나에게 흰색의 작은 알약을 주었습니다. 난 술을 몇 잔 마셨고, 기분이 좋았고 그리고 그것이 무엇인지 몰랐지만, 그것을 먹었습니다. 그것은 나의 기분을 정말 이상하게 만들었습니다. 나는 정말 이상한 것을 보고 들었고 그것이 무서웠습니다. 나는 지금도 정상이 아닌 것 같고, 매우 걱정스럽습니다.

2. 다음 달까지 예정(일)이 아니지만, 내가 아침에 씻을 때 약간의 혈액이 있었습니다.

      그것은 나를 걱정하게 했습니다. 그리고 통증이 왔습니다.

3. 나는 사다리 높은 곳에 올라가 일을 했습니다. 나의 발이 미끄러져서 떨어졌습니다. 내 머리를 부딪쳤지만 피는 나지 않았습니다.  그리고 기분도 그렇게 나쁘지 않았습니다.

4. 나는 강가를 걷고 있었고 무언가를 밟았는데 그것이 나를 물었습니다. 나는 그것이 무슨 종류인지 알지 못했습니다. 그러나 그것은 길고 은색이었고 검은 머리를 갖고 있었습니다.

5. 나는 거울을 보고 있었는데, 난 내 얼굴에 있는 큰 점을 보았습니다. 나는 인터넷에 그것을 검색했습니다. 그리고 나는 암에 걸린 것임을 확신하였습니다. 당신은 내가 죽을 것이라고 생각하십니까?

How do you determine who should see the doctor first?
The triage nurse gives assessment of the condition and s/he decides who gets to see the doctor first.

It's my job (Job of a receptionist)

I'm a hospital receptionist.  If you need to find somebody, or if you need to know anything about the hospital - ask me.  If you want new paper towels, or you need to speak to a surgeon - ask me. 저는 병원접수 담당자입니다.  만약, 당신이 누군가를 찾으려고 한다면, 또한 병원에 대해 질문이 있다면 - 저에게 물어보세요.  새 종수건을 원한다면, 또한 외과의사하고 대화를 해야된다면 - 저에게 부탁하세요. I often meet people when they are frightened, angry, or drunk, so it's important to be diplomatic and strong.  I often need to reassure people, so  it's important to be calm. 저는 주로 사람들이 두려워 할 때, 화가 나 있을 때, 또는 술에 취해 있을 때, 그들을 만나죠. 그래서 제가 외교적이고 강해야 되는 것 중요 합니다.  저는 종종 사람들을 안심시켜야 하므로, 제가 침착해야 하는 것이 중요합니다. My normal work is to greet and assist patients when they arrive, make appointments for patients, record patient's information, and organize and file patient records.  I also keep the accounts.  You need to be very organized to do this job. 제 작업의 의무는 주로 환자들이 도착하면 맞이하고 도와주고, 접수를 하고, 환자들의 정보를 기록하고,그것을 정리하고 제출을 하는 거죠.  저는 또한 계정을 유지하죠.  이 일을 잘 하려면 정리를 잘해야 됩니다. Of course, I have to operate a computer, a fax machine, and other office equipment, but I also have to know first aid, and understand medical terminology and abbreviations.  My biggest problems are with the handwriting of medical staff.  It wastes a lot of time when I don't understand reports and forms because of handwriting or abbreviations.   물론, 컴퓨터, 팩스 및 기타 사무기기를 작동해야하지만, 저는 또한 응급처치를 알아야하고, 의학용어 및 약어를 알아야합니다. 저의 가장 큰 문제는 의료진의 필기를 읽는 것입니다. 때문에 저는 필기나 약어의 보고서 및 양식을 알아 볼 수 없어서 이해하지 못할 때 많은 시간을 낭비하죠. I believe that without me and other receptionists the whole hospital would come to a stop. 저는 믿습니다. 저와 다른 접수담당자들이 없으면 모든 병원이 정지할 것이라고.

Vocabulary
Patient record

Listening
A patient record form
M = Mustapha, N = nurse
N:  Mustapha, isn't it?
M:  Yes, that's right.
N:  So, what happened to you?
M:  I was working on a ladder.  It was raining and I slipped and fell.
N:  Did you hit your head?
M:  Yes.  I saw stars and felt sick at first.  But now it's OK.
N:  I see.  You may have concussion.  First, I'll take down your details and fill in this form.
     So, what's your surname?
M:  It's Hussein.
N:  Can you spell that for me?
M:  H-U-double S-E-I-N.
N:  What's your occupation?
M:  I'm a painter.
N:  Right.  What's your date of birth?
M:  First of the ninth, eighty-two.
N:  One, nine, eighty-two... and where were you born?
M:  Karachi, Pakistan.
N:  What's your marital status?
M:  Sorry?
N:  Are you married?
M:  No, I'm single.
N:  And do you have a contact telephone number for your next of kin(closest relative)?
M:  07709-401229-it's my brother, Yusuf.
N:  Do you smoke?
M:  Yes.
N:  How many do you smoke a day?
M:  Twenty a day.
N:  Uh huh.  Do you drink?
M:  No.
N:  Right.  Are you allergic to anything?
M:  No.
N:  Now, family history.  Do any of your close family suffer from any of the following - mental illness?
M:  No.
N:  Diabetes?
M:  My mother's parents are both diabetic.
N:  Maternal grandparents... diabetes.  Tuberculosis?
M:  No.
N:  HIV/AIDS?
M:  No.



Speaking
1.  You are going to play the role of a patient admitted to hospital.
     Invent the following details in pairs.
full name                    date and place of birth
allergies                      smoking and alcohol intake
occupation                  marital status
next of kin                   reason for admission
family history               medical history

2.  Play the role of the nurse and the patient and complete the patient record.

3.  Change roles.


Past Simple vs. Past Continuous
Past Simple(과거형)
We use the Past Simple to talk about things which happened in the past.
   과거에 일어난 일에 대해 이야기 할 때 Past Simple를 사용합니다.
I felt terrible when I got home last night.
I slipped on ice and hurt my knee.

Some verbs have a regular Past Simple, ending in -ed.
ask - asked        arrive - arrived

The Past Simple of some verbs is irregular.
go - went       come - came      take - took

We use the Past Simple to talk about an action that happened at a particular point in the past.

우리는 과거의 특정 지점에서 발생하는 행동에 대해 이야기하기 위해서 과거 시제를 사용합니다.

  We often use past time expressions such as yesterday, last week, and in+month/season/year.
ex.  The doctor examined my leg yesterday.
       Last week, we had exams.
       In April, we had midterm exams.
       In the past winter, we had a  lot of snow.
       In 2012, I took college entrance exam. 


http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepast.html
Past Continuous (과거 진행형)
When we are telling a story, we often use a verb in the Past Continuous to give a background to what happened. 
우리가 이야기를 할 때, 우리는 자주 무슨 일이 있었는지에 배경을 제공하기 위해 Past Continuous를 사용합니다.  (어떻게 되는 일인지 설명하려고.)
I was riding my bike.  A cat ran in front of me and I fell off.
She cut her finger when she was preparing food.

We use the Past Continuous to talk about an action that was happening in the background when another event happened.  It is often used in a sentence with when+Past Simple.
우리는 또 다른 이벤트가 일어났을 때 배경에서 발생된 행동에  대한 이야기하기 위해서 Past Continuous를 사용합니다. 그것은 종종 when+ 과거 시제와 문장에 사용됩니다.


ex.  He was getting off the bus when he slipped.     OR
       He slipped when he was getting off the bus.     OR
       When he was getting off the bus, he slipped.
       

http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/pastcontinuous.html


Underline examples of the Past Continuous in the Listening script for Scrub Up on p.125.

Go to Grammar reference p.117


1.  Complete the sentences using the verbs in brackets in the Past Simple and Past Continuous tenses.  Decide the order of the verb first.

(1).  When he was working, he broke his arm.
        그가 일할 때 그의 팔이 부러졌다.
(2).  My son was holding a firework when it exploded and burnt his hand.
      내 아들은 폭죽이 터질 때 그것을 쥐고 있었고 그래서 화상을 입었다.
(3).  I was getting out of the car.  
     My dad closed the door and broke my fingers.
     나는 차에서 내리고 있었는데 아버지가 차 문을 닫아 내 손가락이 부러졌다.
(4).  My mam was getting dressed in the bathroom.  She fell and hit her head.
       우리 엄마는 욕실에서 옷을 입고있었다. 그녀는 넘어졌고 머리를 부딪쳤다.
(5).  I was listening to music, 
     when suddenly I heard a whistling in my ear and I went deaf.
    나는 음악을 듣고 있었는데 갑자기 귀에 휘파람 소리가 들려왔고 나는 귀머거리가
    되었다.
(6).  I was running in the park, and a man chased me and punched me.
    나는 공원에서 달리고 있었는데 어떤 남자가 쫒아왔고 날 때렸다.

2.  Write at least three sentences about these people, inventing details about what happened to them.
      Use Past Simple and Past Continuous.

3.  Describe an accident that happened to you.  What were you doing and what happened?
     Tell us.


2.
I was at the park this morning.  I saw a woman jogging and a dog came running towards the woman and bit her left leg.  She tried to shake the dog off but the dog bit harder to hold on to her by it's mouth.
Finally, the owner of the dog showed up and made the dog to let go of her leg.  What an horror.

A man's head was stuck in an glass container.  I don't know how it happened.  I was worried about him.
Finally, some how, he freed himself from it.  Thank God.

My boss had a black eye when he showed up to work.  I was thinking maybe he had a fight with
his wife and she punched him in the eye.  He looked sad.



Reading
Bad handwriting
1.  bad, good, neat, untidy(깔끔하지 못한), legible(읽을[알아볼] 수 있는), illegible(읽기 어려운, 판독이 불가능한).

2.  When students have exchanged examples of their handwriting, get them to discuss the problem
     that unclear handwriting causes for the reader.  Can a bad handwriting cause fatal errors like 
     the patient can be given a wrong medicine?


Writing
Patient summary
1.  Read the summary about Mustapha Hussein, the patient in Listening.  Find three mistakes in it.

2.  Write a similar summary about Sarah Behr using the information on the patient record.
Sarah Behr was admitted with suspected fractured arm.  Mrs. Behr was born in 1984.
She is married, and works as a teacher.  Her next of kin is her father, Ian.  
He can be contacted on 01792-793466.  Mrs. Behr doesn't smoke but she does drink
10 units per week.  She is allergic to nuts.  There is a family history of heart disease
on her father's side.

2. In and around the hospital

In and around the hospital

a.  ECG(Electrocardiography) - for monitoring the heart (심장을 모니터링하기위한)
b.  Microscope - for examining tissues, samples, etc., very closely
                          (세포조직, 샘플, 등, 매우 긴밀하게 실음하기위해)
c.  Blood Centrifuge - for separating substances by spinning them
   ( 혈액 원심 분리기 - 분리 물질을 회전하여)
d.  Scale - for weighing substances
                (무개를 측정 할수있다.)
e.  Exercise Machine - for building strength after injury
                                   (부상 후 힘을 키우기 위해)
f.  a bone plate - for fixing broken bone (부러진 뻐를 다시 부치기 위해)
g.  Dermabrader - for removing damaged skin (손상된 피부를 제거 하기위해)
h.  Dialysis Machine - for cleaning the blood when the kidneys don't work
     (투석 기계 - 콩팥이 작동하지 않는 경우 혈액을 청소하기위해)
i.  Neurological pinwheel - for testing for sensation in nerves
    (신경 바람개비 - 신경의 감각을위한 테스트)
j.  Pediatric spoon - a special spoon for children to grip
    (소아 스푼 - 그립에 어린이를위한 특별 스푼)
k.  A scalpel - a small, very sharp knife that is used by doctors in operations.
                      (수술을 수행하기위한 칼)
l.  x-ray machine - for taking a photo of bones
                            (뼈의 사진을 찍이위해)





Vocabulary
Hospital departments
Which of the departments shown opposite
1. dispenses (to prepare and distribute) medicines? e. Pharmacy (etymology - medicine)
    (약을 나누어주다/준비해주고 배포하는대 )
2. treats(치료) kidney diseases? d. Renal Unit (Renal - of kidneys)
3. specializes in pregnancy and birth? k. Obstetrics (산과학) (Obstetrics - science of midwifery)
    (임신과 출산을 전문적으로 돌봐주는대)
4. studies illnesses and analyses samples? a. Pathology(병리학)(logy - study of disease)
    (질병을 연구하고 샘플을 분석한다)
5. treats diseases of the skin? i. Dermatology(study of skin)
6. performs operations on patients? l. Surgery(수술)
    (환자의 수술을 행하다.)
7. designs special exercises for patients? c. Physiotherapy
    (physio - natural, physical 
     therapy -medical treatment)
    (환자를위해 특별한 운동을 디자인 합니다.? 물리 치료)
8. studies blood disorders? j. Haematology
    (혈액 장애를 연구합니다.)
9. treats bones? f. Orthopaedics
    (뼈를 치료합니다.)
10. specializes in the heart? b. Cardiology
     (심장 전문? 나. 심장학)
11. deals with sick children? h. Paediatrics
12. treats disorders of the nervous system? g. Neurology
     (신경계의 장애를 취급합니다? 신경학)


Listening 1
Directions  
1.
P = physiotherapist, M = man
P:  Go out of here and the door you want is just opposite.
     Go in through the door and give your prescription to the man behind the counter.
M:  So it's just outside here?
P:  Yes, just across the corridor(hallway, 복도)


2.
P = porter, M = man
P:  Go into the hospital through these swing doors.  Go along the corridor, take the first right,
     and it's the second door on your left.
M:  Through the swing doors, down the corridor, first right, second left.
P:  That's it.
M:  Thanks.


3.
R = receptionist, V = visitor
R:  Go along this corridor and turn left at the end.  Go along the next corridor,
      take the second left and go all the way along that corridor.  The ward you want is right at the end,
      straight in front of you.
V:  Thank you.


Giving directions inside the hospital
- Go along this corridor
- Go along the next corridor
- Through the swing doors
- Go past the restaurant take stairs up to (go past -지나서)
- Go out of here
- Go into the hospital
- Take the first right
- Go across the corridor
- Go across the street
- second door on your left
-  Go all the way along that corridor
- It's straight in front of you.  It's right in front of you.



Preposition(전치사)

- a word that is used before a noun, pronoun, or gerund to show place, time, direction etc. 
 명사, 대명사, 또는 동명사 앞에 사용되는 단어로, 장소, 시간, 방향 등을 표시 합니다.

   eg. In the phrase 'the trees in the park', 'in' is a preposition.

   Gerund - a noun in the form of the present participle(현재 분사) of a verb,
                  for example 'shopping' in the sentence  'I like shopping.'
                 동사의 현재 분사의 형태의 명사, 예를들어 '쇼핑'은 문장에서 'I like shopping' 으로 
                 쓰인다.
                 동명사(동사에 -ing를 붙여 만든 명사. I preferred travelling alone에서 travelling 같은 것)
              ex.  I enjoy listening to music.
                    I like running.
                    I like hiking.
                    I'm interested in listening to music.
                    I'm good at treating people when they get sick.

- To describe the place where something is, we use preposition such as ( in, on, on top, 

   at the top/bottom of, inside/outside, near, next to, by, in front of, behind, opposite, under, over,

   at, on the left/ right)
 무언가가 있는 곳을 설명하기 위해, 우리는 ( )와 같은 전치사를 사용합니다.  

   eg.  The shop's near the entrance, on the right of reception.

          The toilet are at the bottom of the stairs, on the left.

- To talk about movement, we use prepositions such as( up, down, into, out of, away, from, to,

  through, across, along, past, back to, around, left/right.)
 움직임에 대해 이야기하기 위해, 우리는 ( )와 같은 전치사를 사용합니다.

  eg.  Go through the swing doors, turn left along the corridor, and the coffee bar's in front of you.

- Prepositions of movement are used with verbs of movement such as (go, come, take, push, carry.)
 움직임를 나타내는 전치사는 ( )와 같은 동사와 함께 사용합니다.

  eg.  Can you take these files back to the office, please?

         To get from here to surgery, you have to wheel the trolley through three wards.

AROUND = in a circular direction

I've driven around this neighborhood three times and I still can’t find their house.

AT = in the (general) direction of (..에서)

The little boy threw a stone at the little girl.

AWAY FROM = leaving a place, a person or an object

She ran away from home when she was sixteen.

DOWN = descending motion

Raindrops ran down the windscreen making it difficult to see the road.

DOWN TO = descending motion expressing a final destination

The child fell down to the ground.

FOR = having the view or destination of

The Israelites set out for The Promised Land when they left Egypt.

그들이 이집트를 떠날 때 이스라엘 백성은 약속의 땅을 위해 밖으로 설정합니다.

INTO= a destination within something

The frightened deer disappeared into the forest.

ONTO= a destination on something

He put the plate onto the table and began to eat his dinner.

OUT OF = a destination outside of something

He ran out of the room as if he were on fire.

TO = in the specific direction of

To the hospital, please. And hurry! This is an emergency.
Could you give this DVD to Jill, please?

TOWARDS = in the general direction of

We were driving towards the city center when we had an accident.

UP = ascending, in a general motion

The smoke from the fire went up into the sky.

UP TO = ascending, expressing specific destination

You'll be able to reach the cat if you climb up to the top of the tree.

** Special Note ** 

When you shout at someone. (You are angry)
When you shout to someone. (You want to attract their attention.)

You throw the ball at someone. (You want to hit them with the ball.)
You throw the ball to someone. (You want them to have it, you give it to them.)

http://advanced-english-grammar.com/prepositions-of-direction.html

 

www.englishpage.com/prepositions/direction_prepositions_1.htm

www.englishpage.com/prepositions/direction_prepositions_2.htm

Picture A

Picture B

In picture A                                                                    In picture B
There is a jug and a bowl on the bedside cabinet.               There is a glass and a bowl on the bedside
                                                                                         cabinet.
The handle is on the patient's right.                                   The handle is on the patient's left.
The cabinet is closed.                                                       The cabinet is open.
The wall lamp is switched on.                                            The wall lamp is switched off.
There is a jug on the floor.                                                 There is a pot on the floor.
The wheelchair is folded up.                                             The wheelchair is opened out.
The curtain is fully drawn across.                                      The curtain is half drawn across.
There is medication on the top shelf of the trolley.             There are sheets on the top shelf of the trolley.
There are syringes and bandages on the bottom shelf        There are syringes and scissors on the bottom
of the trolley.                                                                      of the trolley.
The nurse is taking the patient's blood pressure.                 The nurse is taking the patient's temperature.
The nurse is wearing a fob watch.                                      The nurse isn't wearing a fob watch.                                                                              The crutches are leaning against the bedside cabinet.




Vocabulary
specimen - a sample of blood, urine, tissue, etc. collected for lab analysis.


Play another guessing game of describing and explaining medical equipments and different departments in the hospital. 

1. The hospital team

Most of Medical Terminologies come from Latin and Greek.  Etymology is the study of origin, the root of the word.  You can break-down many medical words with Etymology.

For example, Cardiology can be broken down like this.
Cardio - pertaining to the heart (심장에 관한)
logy     - study of (공부, 연구에 관한)

Cardiologist
ist - person

(definition)  Doctor who studies or treats heart disease.
심장 질환을 연구하거나 취급하는 의사.



Example:
Physiotherapist
Physio - of nature, living things, physical (자연, 생물, 물리적)
Therapy - curing, healing (치료, 치유)
ist - person

(definition)  a person who is trained to treat disease, injury, or weakness in the joints or muscles by exercises, massage, and the use of light and heat.
질병, 부상, 또는 운동, 마사지, 그리고 빛과 열을 사용하여 관절이나 근육의 약점을 치료하는 훈련 된 사람.





Example:
Radiologist
Radio (Radio wave, Radiation 전파)
logy - study of
ist - person

(definition) A hospital doctor who is trained in the use of radiation to treat people.
사람을 치료하는 방사선의 사용에 훈련되어있는 병원 의사.

Anaesthetist
An - without
aisthesis - feeling
ist - person

(definition) Anaesthetist can be a nurse who has been specially trained to give people anaesthetics (마취약).특별히 사람들에게 마취를 제공하기 위해 훈련을받은 간호사도 될 수 있습니다.

Consultant
Consult - take the advice of
ant - person

(definition) A hospital doctor of high rank who has special knowledge in a particular area of medicine and advises the patient's doctor (의료 고문).
의학의 특정 분야에 특별한 지식을 가지고 있으며 환자의 의사를 조언 높은 순위의 병원 의사.


Paediatrician 
Pedo - Child
iatric - healing
ian - person

(definition)  Doctor who deals with children and their illnesses.
아이들의 질병을 치료하는 의사.


Midwife
Mid - with, together with
wife - woman

(definition)  A nurse who attends birth and delivers babies.
출생에 산파 노릇을 맡고 아이를 받아내는 간호사.



Lab technician examines samples and tissues(조직 세포) under a microscope(현미경).
실험실 기사가 현미경으로 샘플 및 조직 세포를 검사합니다.

Paramedic
Para - defense against(방어), protect from
medic - someone who has been trained to help people who are hurt or to do medical work, 
             but who is not a doctor or nurse. 
             상처 아르 또는 의료 작업을 수행 할하지만, 의사 나 간호사가 아니며 사람들을 돕기 위해 훈련을받은 
             사람.

(definition) Someone who responds to emergencies and gives first aid.
긴급에 대응하고 응급 처치를 제공합니다.



first aid - simple medical treatment that is given as soon as possible to someone who is injured or
               who suddenly become ill.
               간단한 치료로 최대한 빨리 부상 또는 갑자기 병이난 환자를 치료하다.


Pharmacist
Pharmacy - medicine
ist -person

(definition) someone whose job is to prepare medicines in a shop or hospital.
약국이나 또는 병원에서 약을 처방하는 사람.



Porter  - Someone who's job is to carry equipment in the hospital.
              병원에서 의료 기구를 운반하는 일을합니다.


Receptionist welcomes and deals with people who visits a doctor.
의사를 방문하는 사람들과 접수의 환영하고 대합니다.


scrub nurse supports surgeons in the operating room.
수술실 간호사는 수술실에서 의사를 도와줍니다.


surgeon - doctor who performs operations.
                 수술을 시행하는 의사.



1.  Scrub Up (Match each job with each person in the picture) 
2.  Listening 1 (An admission) 
3.  Vocabulary (Complete descriptions 1 - 10 with a job from Scrub up and the verbs.) 
4.  Write a sentence to describe what the person does, and a sentence to describe what the person is doing
     in the picture on p.4 and p.5.  Then, we will play a guessing game next week.
     ex.  A. He moves patients from one part of the hospital to another.
                In the picture, he's pushing a wheel chair.
           B.  Is it a ____________?
           A.  Yes.

Listening 1 -- An admission
1.
P = paramedic, B = Mrs. Benson
P  Can you hear me?  Mrs. Benson?
B  Yes.  Where am I?  What happened?
P  You're in my ambulance.  You've had a fall and we're taking you to hospital.
B  Yes, now I remember.

2.
R = radiologist, B = Mrs. Benson
R  Right, Mrs. Benson.  We're going to have a closer look at your heart.  Have you had an x-ray before?
B  Yes, I broke my leg once.

3.
S = sister (charge Nurse(수간호사)) B = Mrs. Benson
S  Hello, Mrs. Benson.  How do you feel?
B  Terrible.  I've got a terrible headache and I need to use the toilet.
S  OK.  I'll draw the curtains and you can use a bedpan.
    Doctor Bright is coming to have a look at you in a moment.

4.
C = consultant, B = Mrs. Benson
C  Mrs. Benson.  We've been worried about you but I've got good news.
     The x-ray shows your heart is clear and Sister says your blood pressure is back to normal.
     How are you feeling?
B  I feel fine now.
C  Good.  I'm going to prescribe some medicine and I'm discharging you.

5.
R = receptionist, B = Mrs. Benson
R  Right, Mrs. Benson, so you want to make an outpatient's appointment for next week?
B  Yes, please.
R  Thursday at four?
B  Fine.
R  Good Next Thursday at four o'clock to see Doctor Lee in Outpatients.

What happened with Mrs. Benson?



Gather patients' Medical History from Basic Hospital Conversational English

N.  What is your name?
P.
N.  How old are you?
P.
N.  What's your occupation?
P.  (Something other than a nurse or a doctor)
N.  How tall are you?
P.
N.  How much do you weigh?
P.
N.  Where do you live?
P.
N.  What's your address?
P.
N.  What nationality are you?
P.
N.  How many people are in your family?
P.
N.  Who's taking care of you?
P.
N.  Have you had any major surgeries before?
P.
N.  Are you under any special medical treatment?
P.
N.  Do you have health insurance?
P.
N.  Who should I call in case of an emergency?
P.
N.  What's his cell phone number?

1.  Play the guessing game describing a professional in the hospital.
2.  Listen to a job interview of a nurse and discuss about it.
3.  Learn the difference of Present Simple vs. Present Continuous.

Listening 2 - A Job Interview
I = interviewer, R = Rachel
I  OK Rachel, let's start the interview with a few questions.
   Your CV says that you're working at City Hospital. (CV = Curriculum Vitae - Resume and Cover letter)
R  Yes, in the operating theatres. (room)
I  Are you a fully-qualified scrub nurse?
R  Not yet.  At the moment I'm doing a part-time course and working at the same time.
    I'm preparing for the exams, which are next month.
    It's hard, especially when I'm working a night shift and going to lectures next day.
I  Tell us about your job.  What do you do every day?
R  Well, I assist the surgeons.  I prepare the instruments for surgery and I help with the operations.
I  What do you like best about being a scrub nurse?
R  Well, I like watching operations, but it's the contact with the patients that's most rewarding.
I  So, why are you applying for a new job?
R  Well I'm very happy in my job, but I want more responsibility.


Present Simple(현재 시제) - 일상 생활의 관한 일, 의무, 무선 일이나 항상 발생하는 일.
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/simplepresent.html
Present Continuous(현재진행형) - 지금 일어나는일, 지금 벌어지고 있는 일의 사용됩니다.
http://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentcontinuous.html

Pick out Present Simple and Present Continuous in the Listening 2, A Job Interview.

Read this student nurse's e-mail home to her friend.  Choose the correct verb forms.
Hi Ivana

I write/'m writing to say thank you for the birthday card, and to tell you how I get on/'m getting on.
The course is hard work, but I'm enjoying/enjoy it so far.  We usually have/are having classes every morning, but this week I'm working/work in Geriatrics all day.  It's interesting, although of course I want/'m wanting to work as a scrub nurse.

On the geriatric ward I'm making/make beds and checking/check patients' blood pressure and temperature.  I'm learning/learn a lot, and the experience is very useful.

I'm going out/go out most Saturday nights, but stay in and study on other days.  Tomorrow I go/'m going to a restaurant for my birthday!  I make/'m making a lot of friends, but I wish you were here too.  Write to me!

Love
Maria Carmen

생일 카드를 주셔서 감사하다는 말을 전하기 위해 이 편지를 씁니다. 그리고 제가 어떻게 지내는 지 알려 주기위해

이 과정이 힘들지만 아직까지는 즐겁습니다. 매일 아침 수업이 있지만 이번 주에는 하루 종일 노인 병동에서 일하고 있습니다. 이 일은 흥미롭기는 하지만 저는 수술 간호사가 되고 싶습니다.

노인 병동에서 침대를 정리하고 환자의 혈압과 온도를 확인합니다. 저는 많은 걸 배우고 있으며 이런 경험은 저에게 매우 유용합니다.

저는 자주 토요일 밤에 외출을 하지만 다른 요일에는 집에서 공부를 합니다. 내일 제 생일을 위하여 식당에 갈 것입니다. 전 친구를 많이 사귀고 있기는 하지만 당신이 여기에 있었으면 좋겠습니다. 저에게 편지를 써 주세요.

Rossitza Bontcheva is nineteen years old. She's studying for a diploma in nursing at Vazov Nursing College. She has exams next month, so at the moment she's studying hard. She wants to be a nurse because she likes working with people and she's interested in science, but she really doesn't like doing paperwork.

She'd like to be a pediatric nurse because she really enjoys working with children. She's worked on a children's ward for three months as a work placement. One day, she hopes to work in a children's hospital in India, which she saw on television.

She's good at talking to people and making them feel comfortable, and she's very organized. In her free time she plays the guitar, and goes out dancing most weekends.

Rossitaza Bontcheva 는 19살입니다. 그녀는 Vazov 간호대학에서 간호학위를 위하여 공부하고 있습니다. 다음 달에 있는 시험을 위해 그녀는 매우 열심히 공부하고 있습니다. 그녀는 간호사가 되고 싶어 합니다. 이유는 그녀는 사람들과 일하는 것이 좋고 과학에 관심이 잇습니다. 하지만 서류작업은 싫어합니다.

그녀는 아이들과 함께 하는 것을 즐기고 소아과 간호사로 일을 하고 싶어 합니다. 그녀는 소아과 병동에서 3개월 동안 실습을 했습니다. 먼 훗날 그녀는 텔레비전에서 본 인도의 아동병원에서 일을 하고 싶어 합니다.

그녀는 사람들과 이야기를 잘 하고 사람을 편안하게 만들며, 정리를 아주 잘 합니다. 여가 시간에는 기타를 연주하고, 주말에는 자주 춤을 추러 갑니다.

Reading

One hundred and fifty years ago, nurses were unpaid, untrained, and unpopular, but then Florence Nightingale made nursing into a profession.  The methods she introduced in the 1850s were copied all over the world, and now nursing is a career with a three- or four-year training, qualifications, grades, unions, and pensions.
In Britain, every nurse is on a grade.  The grade depends on experience and skills, and each grade has different responsibilities and pay.  On the bottom grades are unqualified auxiliary nurses, who do the routine work on the hospital wards.  On the top grades are nursing officers, who are usually administrators.
Auxiliary nurses are on the bottom grades, but student nurses get the lowest pay.  However, students don't stay at the bottom of the pay scale forever.  When they qualify, they start working on a middle grade.  As they get experience, they can get promotion and move up the ranks to become staff nurse, then sister(charge nurse if a man), and perhaps eventually nursing officer.
Many nurses work shifts, and often they work overtime to earn more money.  After basic training, many nurses choose to do further study and become specialists.
Nurses can specialize in many different fields - there are triage nurses working in Casualty, and psychiatric nurses who treat the mentally ill.  There are health visitors who visit patients in their own homes, practice nurses working in GP's surgeries, and midwives who deliver babies.
Many of them say they do not get enough pay and respect for work they do.  They say that the work is physically and mentally hard,  that they work long hours and get very tired.  But they also say that there are many great rewards which have nothing to do with money.


간호사 직업
150년 전, 간호사들은 무급으로 일을 했고, 정식 교육을 받지 않았으며, 그리고 인기도 없었지만, Florence Nightingale은 간호사를 전문 직업으로 만들었습니다.   그녀가 1850년대에 도입한 방법으로 전 세계가 채택했고, 이제는 3, 4년제 교육, 자격, 노동 조합 및 연금 제도가 있는 전문 직업이 되었습니다.

영국에서는 모든 간호사는 등급이 나누어져 있습니다.  등급은 경험과 기술에 따라, 책임과 급료가 나누어져 있습니다.  하위 등급은 자격이 부족한 보조 간호사가 일상적인 기초 기술을 병동에서 수행합니다.  최고 등급은 간호 부장으로 대부분 관리자입니다.

보조 간호사는 제일 등급이 낮지만 간호과 학생보다 월급을 더 많이 받습니다.  그러나 학생들의 임금은 항상 하단에 숙박하지 않습니다.  그들은 간호사로서 자격을 취득하면 중간 등급에서 일을 시작합니다.  그들이 경력을 쌓을때, 승진을 할수있으며, 간호사에서, 수간호사로, 그리고 아마도 결국 부장 간호사로 승진 할 수 있습니다.

많은 간호사들이 교대 근무를 하고, 종종 그들은 더 많은 돈을 벌기 위해 초과 근무를 하기도 합니다.  기초 수련 후, 많은 간호사들은 전문가가 되기위해 공부를 다시 합니다.  간호사는 다양한 분야에서 전문직으로 일을 할 수 있습니다.  응급파트 간호사로서는 사상자를 위한 일을  할 수 있고, 정신과 간호사는 정신병을 치료할 수 있습니다.  환자를 방문하는 보건 방문자로서,  실무 간호사로서  지역 보건의사의 수술을 도울 수도 있고, 조산사로서 아기를 분만할 수도 있다.

많은 간호사들이 충본한 월급을 받지 못하고 자기가 하는 일에관해 존경받지 않는다고 말한다.  그들은 자기의 일이 육체적으로나 정신적으로 매우 고달프고, 그리고 긴 시간 근무로인해 피곤하다고 말합니다.  그러나 그들은 돈과는 상관없이 큰 보람을 느낀다고도 합니다.


3.  Find words in the article with these meanings.
     pension(연금)           skills(능력, 기술)      further studies(공부를 더하다)      qualifications(자격)
     experience(경험)      basic training(기본 훈련)           pay scale(호봉)         overtime(초과[시간 외] 근무)

First Week

First tell me about yourself(introduction)
Add the following details.  First write.
1.  Name and age
2.  The school you attend and your major
3.  Where you live
4.  Your family relations
5.  Your hobbies and interest
6.  Your life dream.  What you would like to do when you graduate?


My name is Serena Kim.  I'm 19 years old.  I attend Kimcheon Science College and I'm majoring in nursing.
I live on campus while attending school but I go home to Seoul during the summer and the winter vacations.  There are 4 in my family.  My parents, my older brother and me.  My older brother is 3 years older than me and he will finish college next year.  I am an outgoing person and I enjoy hanging out with my friends. We often eat out and go to the movies.  I like watching action movies.  My lifelong dream is to be a nurse at a university hospital in Seoul.  The competition to get in is too high so I'll keep up with my grades and continue to improve in spoken English to be accepted.

Aches and Pains:  Common ways of expressing pain
ache - pain
1.  Have + (body part) + ache
                  stomach + ache     -   I have a stomachache.
                  head + ache          -   I have a headache.


2. (part) + feel(s) + sore   -  My feet feel sore.
                     be + sore    -  My feet are sore.

3.  (part) + hurt(s)   -  My head hurts.
                               - My stomach hurts.

4.  have + sore + (part)  -  I have a sore throat.


Dialogue
Nurse :  What's the matter?
Patient:   I have a sore throat.

Nurse:  What's the matter?
Patient:  I have a stuffy nose.

Try the simple dialogue
Tell me about your symptoms.
What symptoms do you have?
What are your symptoms?


Try this as well

What's your problem?
Where is the pain?
Where does it hurt?

When did you get the pain?
When did it start?
Did the pain come on slowly or suddenly? 통증이 서서히 왔나요, 갑자기 왔나요?
What kind of pain is it?   어떤 종류의 아픔입니까?
Have you had this before?    전에는 이런 증상이 있었습니까?

Have you noticed any other changes?  다른 변화를 느낀 적 있습니까?
Have you had any other illnesses?  앓고 계신 다른 질병이 있습니까?

Common cold symptoms (감기 조짐)

stuffy nose                         코막힘                                I have a stuffy nose.

runny nose                         콧물이 난다                      I have a runny nose. My nose is running.

sneezing                             재채기                               I am sneezing.

headache                          두통                                    I have a headache. I have a bad headache.

sore throat                        인후통                                I have a sore throat.

coughing                           기침                                    I am coughing.

loss of appetite                 식욕부진                            I have a loss of appetite.

watery eyes                     눈물이 난다                        I have watery eyes. My eyes are watery.

burning eyes                    눈이 따갑다                        I have burning eyes. My eyes are burning.

ear congestion                 귀가 멍멍한                        I have an ear congestion.

infection                          감염                                      I have an infection.

fever                               열이 난다                             I have a fever. I have a high fever.

aching muscles                근육통                                  I have aching muscles. My muscles are aching.

aching joints                    관절이 아프다                     I have aching joints. My joints are aching.

Dialogue 1 (roll play)
Nurse:  Good morning.  KimCheon Science University Hospital.  How may I help you.
Patient:  I'm not feeling well.
Nurse:  What seems to be the problem?
Patient:  I have a stuffy nose, headache, and a high fever.
Nurse:  Please wait a moment.  The doctor will see you soon.
            While, you wait for the doctor, I would like to check your blood pressure.
            Please take off your coat, roll up your sleeve on your right arm.
___________________________
Nurse:  The doctor will see you now, Ms. Lee.  Go right in.
Doctor: Let see.  Take a deep breath.  Open your mouth wide.  Lets check your ears and nose.
             (after the evaluation)
             You have a cold.  I'll write you a prescription.  Take this once in the evening for 10 days.
             You will feel better soon.

Change to Dialogue for the patients with bronchitis(기관지염) and pneumonia(폐렴).
bronkhos - windpipe, throat
Symptoms for bronchitis
runny nose, fever, a dry cough, and possibly wheezing(쌕쌕거림)
wheezing - to breathe with difficulty, making noise in your throat and chest.

Symptoms for pneumonia
high fever, severe cough, and lethargy
Difficulty breathing, possible pain in the chest particulary upon breathing.




Dialogue 1
Isn't feeling well몸이 안 좋다.

Opening빈자리, 진료 약속이 되어 있지 않은 시간대

one at ... another at....하나는 ... 시에 그리고 또 하나는 ... 시에 있다.

I'll take the one at...그럼 저는 ... 시에 진료 반는 것으로 하겠습니다.

What seems to be the trouble?어디 아프신가요?

Receiptionist:    Good morning, Dr. Cho's office.

Mom:               My son isn't feeling well.

                        Do you have any opening today?

Receiptionist:    Yes, one at 11 A.M. and another at 2:30.
Mom:               I'll take the one at 11.

                       My name is Lee Jiwon.

                       Are you alright? 너 괜찮니?

                       I'm not feeling well. 몸이 안 좋아요.

                       There's one opening at two and one at four on Thursday.

                      목요일엔 2시에 하나, 4시에 하나가 비어 있네요.

                       hmm, I'll take the one at four.

                       그럼요... 우리는 4시 것으로 예약할게요.

                       That'll be after she comes home from school.

                      그때면 애가 학교에서 돌아온 후이니까요.

Dialogue 2

Receiptionist:    The doctor will see you now, Ms. Lee.

                        Go right in.

Doctor:            What seems to be the trouble?

Mom:               His throat hurts and he has a runny nose.

Doctor:             And he has a high fever, too.

                       What seems to be the problem?

                       My nose has been running for days.

                       My whole body aches and I have a fever, too.

                       Ok, open your mouth wide.

What is a stethoscope?              

For the night class
Introduction to Tuesday Night Class.
1.  Your name
2.  Where do you work?
3.  Where do you live?
4.  How long have you been a nurse?
5.  What kind of work do you do?  What are your duties?  What department do you work in?
6.  What field do you specialize in? (전문분야)
7.  What are some of the things you need to know about your patients at your job?
8.  What kind of patients do you deal with mostly?